{"id":7200,"date":"2022-11-04T16:43:03","date_gmt":"2022-11-04T15:43:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/varsavianista.pl\/?p=7200"},"modified":"2022-12-10T21:19:45","modified_gmt":"2022-12-10T20:19:45","slug":"04listopada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/varsavianista.pl\/index.php\/2022\/11\/04\/04listopada\/","title":{"rendered":"4 listopada"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"\"
fot. kkm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Kiedy 4 listopada 1790 r. zak\u0142adano cmentarz za okopami dawnej Warszawy, zapewne nikt nie przypuszcza\u0142, \u017ce stanie si\u0119 on narodow\u0105 nekropoli\u0105, pomnikiem historii Warszawy, w kt\u00f3rym ka\u017cda epoka b\u0119dzie si\u0119 zapisywa\u0107 na sw\u00f3j spos\u00f3b. Powstanie nekropolii by\u0142o zwi\u0105zane z wyprowadzaniem cmentarzy z miast i lokowaniem ich poza granicami i wa\u0142ami miejskimi. Cmentarz za\u0142o\u017cono na ziemi ofiarowanej przez starost\u0119 klonowskiego Melchiora Korwina Szymanowskiego. W <\/a>chwili zak\u0142adania zajmowa\u0142 zaledwie 2,6 ha i s\u0142u\u017cy\u0142 trzem parafiom sto\u0142ecznym: \u015bw. Jana, \u015bw. Andrzeja i NMP z Nowego Miasta. Ofiarodawcami i protektorami nowej nekropolii obok samego kr\u00f3la Stanis\u0142awa Augusta byli biskup Antoni Onufry Ok\u0119cki, prymas Kazimierz Poniatowski i Franciszek Ryx. Mia\u0142o to niebagatelne znaczenie, poniewa\u017c wsparcie inwestycji przez osoby znane i szanowane prze\u0142amywa\u0142o niech\u0119\u0107 mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w miasta do cmentarza \u201ew polu\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pierwotny cmentarz, chocia\u017c niewielki, bo obejmuj\u0105cy teren ko\u015bcio\u0142a, katakumb oraz kwater 1-18, by\u0142 zaprojektowany starannie, a \u2013 co najwa\u017cniejsze \u2013 na terenie umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105cym jego powi\u0119kszenie. Za\u0142o\u017cenie nekropolii 4 listopada, czyli w dniu, w kt\u00f3rym ko\u015bci\u00f3\u0142 katolicki wspomina biskupa Mediolanu Karola Boromeusza, wi\u0105za\u0142o si\u0119 z osobistym nabo\u017ce\u0144stwem Stanis\u0142awa Augusta do tego \u015bwi\u0119tego. Z fundacji kr\u00f3la oraz jego brata wzniesiono te\u017c ko\u015bci\u00f3\u0142 pw. \u015bw. Karola Boromeusza. W o\u0142tarzu zaprojektowanej przez Domenica Merliniego \u015bwi\u0105tyni umieszczono obraz p\u0119dzla J\u00f3zefa Walla, kt\u00f3ry opr\u00f3cz \u015bwi\u0119tego przedstawia tak\u017ce kr\u00f3la Stanis\u0142awa uwolnionego przez konfederata Jana Ku\u017am\u0119 w nocy z 3 na 4 listopada 1771 r., a wi\u0119c w dniu kanonicznego wspomnienia \u015bwi\u0119tego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cmentarz po\u015bwi\u0119cono uroczy\u015bcie 20 maja 1792 r. Jednocze\u015bnie powsta\u0142y katakumby, kt\u00f3re przeznaczono na poch\u00f3wki os\u00f3b zas\u0142u\u017conych oraz przedstawicieli wybitnych rod\u00f3w. Warszawska nekropolia szybko si\u0119 zape\u0142nia\u0142a, tote\u017c ju\u017c w 1813 r. powi\u0119kszono j\u0105 po raz pierwszy. Tak rozpoczyna\u0142a si\u0119 historia miejsca, kt\u00f3re w \u015bwiadomo\u015bci Polak\u00f3w jest nie tylko cmentarzem, lecz tak\u017ce panteonem narodowej historii, przestrzeni\u0105, kt\u00f3ra dobitnie przypomina nam, \u017ce wa\u017cne jest nie tylko to, dok\u0105d idziemy, ale te\u017c \u2013 sk\u0105d przychodzimy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

w roku 1790 r. zak\u0142adano cmentarz za okopami dawnej Warszawy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7201,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[105,103],"tags":[163],"class_list":["post-7200","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-kalendarium","category-listopad","tag-163"],"yoast_head":"\n4 listopada – varsavianista.pl<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/varsavianista.pl\/index.php\/2022\/11\/04\/04listopada\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"4 listopada – varsavianista.pl\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"w roku 1790 r. zak\u0142adano cmentarz za okopami dawnej 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