{"id":7821,"date":"2022-12-28T20:15:40","date_gmt":"2022-12-28T19:15:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/varsavianista.pl\/?p=7821"},"modified":"2022-12-28T20:16:59","modified_gmt":"2022-12-28T19:16:59","slug":"pawiak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/varsavianista.pl\/index.php\/2022\/12\/28\/pawiak\/","title":{"rendered":"Pawiak"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"
Ze zbior\u00f3w Muzeum Wi\u0119zienia na Pawiaku<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Wi\u0119zienie, od nazwy ulicy Pawiej zwane zwyczajowo Pawiakiem, kojarzone jest g\u0142\u00f3wnie z mrocznym okresem okupacji niemieckiej z lat 1939-1944. Historia wi\u0119zienia jest jednak d\u0142u\u017csza i swoimi pocz\u0105tkami si\u0119ga lat 30. XIX w. Wi\u0119zienie otwarto w 1835 r. w gmachu zaprojektowanym przez Henryka Marconiego. Plac, na kt\u00f3rym zlokalizowano obiekt, mia\u0142 powierzchni\u0119 1,5 ha, za\u015b g\u0142\u00f3wny budynek, czterokondygnacyjny, uzyska\u0142 wymiary 50 x 12 m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Od 1863 r. zak\u0142ad przy Pawiej by\u0142 wi\u0119zieniem <\/a>politycznym. W trudnym okresie popowstaniowym przez plac\u00f3wk\u0119 przewin\u0119\u0142y si\u0119 tysi\u0105ce dzia\u0142aczy niepodleg\u0142o\u015bciowych i cz\u0142onk\u00f3w ruchu robotniczego. Tym samym Pawiak, obok X pawilonu cytadeli warszawskiej, sta\u0142 si\u0119 symbolem martyrologii Polak\u00f3w prze\u0142omu XIX i XX w.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do historii miejsca przesz\u0142a brawurowa akcja odbicia dziesi\u0119ciu wi\u0119\u017ani\u00f3w Pawiaka skazanych na \u015bmier\u0107 przez rosyjskiego zaborc\u0119 w 1906 r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W czasie okupacji niemieckiej wi\u0119zienne cele szybko zapewni\u0142y si\u0119 przedstawicielami inteligencji i tymi, kt\u00f3rzy w my\u015bl okupanta stanowili zagro\u017cenie dla III Rzeszy. W zak\u0142adzie zaprojektowanym na tysi\u0105c wi\u0119\u017ani\u00f3w Niemcy potrafili przetrzymywa\u0107 jednorazowo 3 tys. os\u00f3b. W czasie okupacji przez Pawiak przesz\u0142o ok. 100 tys. wi\u0119\u017ani\u00f3w. Okupanci wysadzili mury Pawiaka w sierpniu 1944 r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dzisiaj na teren by\u0142ego wi\u0119zienia prowadzi fragment zachowanej oryginalnej bramy. Ca\u0142o\u015b\u0107 powsta\u0142ego w latach 60. za\u0142o\u017cenia zaprojektowali Romuald Gutt i Mieczys\u0142aw Mo\u0142dawa. Mur od strony ulicy Dzielnej jest dzie\u0142em Tadeusza \u0141odziany. Zlokalizowany za pawilonem muzealnym pomnik ku czci ofiar Pawiaka, w kszta\u0142cie granitowego obelisku z p\u0142askorze\u017abami symbolizuj\u0105cymi walk\u0119, zaprojektowa\u0142a Zofia Poci\u0142owska-Kann.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

wi\u0119zienie, kojarzone jest g\u0142\u00f3wnie z mrocznym okresem okupacji niemieckiej z lat 1939-1944.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":7822,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108],"tags":[139],"class_list":["post-7821","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-rozmaitosci","tag-rozmaitosci-z-roku-2022"],"yoast_head":"\nPawiak – varsavianista.pl<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/varsavianista.pl\/index.php\/2022\/12\/28\/pawiak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pawiak – varsavianista.pl\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"wi\u0119zienie, kojarzone jest 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